A brief daily summary of what is important in information security. The podcast is published every weekday and designed to get you ready for the day with a brief, usually 5 minute long, summary of current network security related events. The content is late breaking, educational and based on listener input as well as on input received by the SANS Internet Stormcenter. You may submit questions and comments via our contact form at https://isc.sans.edu/contact.html .
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SANS Stormcast Friday, September 5th, 2025: Cloudflare Response to 1.1.1.1 Certificate; AI Modem Namespace Reuse; macOS Vulnerability Allowed Keychain Decryption
Unauthorized Issuance of Certificate for 1.1.1.1 Cloudflare published a blog post with more details regarding the bad 1.1.1.1 certificate that was issued by Fina. https://blog.cloudflare.com/unauthorized-issuance-of-certificates-for-1-1-1-1/ AI Model Namespace Reuse Deleted accounts on Huggingface can be taken over by other entities unrelated to the original owner. https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/model-namespace-reuse/ macOS vulnerability allowed Keychain and iOS app decryption without a password Excessive entitlements for the gcore binary facilitated access to key material that was sufficient to access secrets stored in Apple s keychain. https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2025/09/04/macos-gcore-vulnerability-cve-2025-24204/
SANS Stormcast Thursday, September 4th, 2025: Dassault DELMIA Apriso Exploit Attempts; Android Updates; 1.1.1.1 Certificate Issued
Exploit Attempts for Dassault DELMIA Apriso. CVE-2025-5086 Our honeypots detected attacks against the manufacturing management system DELMIA Apriso. The deserialization vulnerability was patched in June and is one of a few critical vulnerabilities patched in recent months. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Exploit%20Attempts%20for%20Dassault%20DELMIA%20Apriso.%20CVE-2025-5086/32256 Android Bulletin Google released its September update, fixing two already-exploited privilege escalation flaws and some remote code execution issues. https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/2025-09-01 Mis-issued Certificates for SAN iPAddress:1.1.1.1 by Fina RDC 2020 Certificate authority Fina RDC issues a certificate for Cloudflare s IP address 1.1.1.1 https://groups.google.com/a/mozilla.org/g/dev-security-policy/c/SgwC1QsEpvc
SANS Stormcast Wednesday, September 3rd, 2025: Sextortiion Analysis; Covert Channel DNS/ICMP; Azure AD Secret Theft; Official FreePBX Patches
A Quick Look at Sextortion at Scale Jan analyzed 1900 different sextortion messages using 205 different Bitcoin addresses to look at the success rate, lifetime, and other metrics defining these campaigns. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/A%20quick%20look%20at%20sextortion%20at%20scale%3A%201%2C900%20messages%20and%20205%20Bitcoin%20addresses%20spanning%20four%20years/32252 Azure AD Client Secret Leak Attackers are stealing Azure AD client secrets from websites that are leaving them exposed. https://www.resecurity.com/blog/article/azure-ad-client-secret-leak-the-keys-to-cloud Covert Channel via ICMP and DNS A new bot combines ICMP and DNS in new ways for covert communication. The DNS requests use domains with a fixed prefix followed by a base64 encoded command, and the ICMP echo request packets include commands as a payload. https://blog.xlab.qianxin.com/mystrodx_covert_dual-mode_backdoor_en/ Official Release of Critical FreePBX Patch Sangoma has announced that the experimental patch released for the exploited FreePBX vulnerability is now considered stable, and users should update to apply it. https://community.freepbx.org/t/security-advisory-please-lock-down-your-administrator-access/107203
SANS Stormcast Tuesday, September 2nd, 2025: pdf-parser Patch; Salesloft Compromise; Velociraptor Abuse; NeuVector Default Password
pdf-parser: All Streams Didier released a new version of pdf-parser.py. This version fixes a problem with dumping all filtered streams. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/pdf-parser%3A%20All%20Streams/32248 Salesloft Drift Putting OAuth Tokens at Risk OAuth tokens used by Salesloft Drift users to provide access to integrations with Salesforce, Google Workspace, and others have been compromised and heavily abused for additional compromise and large-scale data exfiltration from exposed services. https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/data-theft-salesforce-instances-via-salesloft-drift Velociraptor incident response tool abused for remote access Attackers are using the open source incident response tool Velociraptor to access remote systems in breached networks. Tools like Velocitraptor are ideal for attackers to perform lateral movement. https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2025/08/26/velociraptor-incident-response-tool-abused-for-remote-access/ Default Password in NeuVector (Rancher Desktop) SuSE fixed a default password vulnerability in NeuVector, a security tool included in Rancher Desktop. https://github.com/neuvector/neuvector/security/advisories/GHSA-8pxw-9c75-6w56
SANS Stormcast Friday, August 29th, 2025: Scans for ZIP Files; FreePBX 0-Day; Passwordstate Patch
Increasing Searches for ZIP Files Attackers are scanning our honeypots more and more for .zip files. They are looking for backups of credential files and the like left behind by careless administrators and developers. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Increasing%20Searches%20for%20ZIP%20Files/32242 FreePBX Vulnerability An upatched vulnerability in FreePBX is currently being exploited. FreePBX offers mitigation advice and has also just released a beta patch. https://community.freepbx.org/t/security-advisory-please-lock-down-your-administrator-access/107203 Passwordstate Vulnerability Clickstudios patched an authentication bypass vulnerability in its password manager, Passwordstate. The vulnerability can be used to access the emergency password page. https://www.clickstudios.com.au/passwordstate-changelog.aspx
SANS Stormcast Thursday, August 28th, 2025: Launching Shellcode; NX Compromise; Volt Typhoon Report
Interesting Technique to Launch a Shellcode Xavier came across malware that PowerShell and the CallWindowProcA() API to launch code. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Interesting%20Technique%20to%20Launch%20a%20Shellcode/32238 NX Compromised to Steal Wallets and Credentials The popular open source NX build package was compromised. Code was added that uses the help of AI tools like Claude and Gemini to steal credentials from affected systems https://semgrep.dev/blog/2025/security-alert-nx-compromised-to-steal-wallets-and-credentials/ Countering Chinese State-Sponsored Actors Compromise of Networks Worldwide to Feed the Global Espionage System Several law enforcement and cybersecurity agencies worldwide collaborated to release a detailed report on the recent Volt Typhoon incident. https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa25-239a
SANS Stormcast Wednesday, August 27th, 2025: Analyzing IDNs; Netscaler 0-Day Vuln; Git Vuln Exploited;
Getting a Better Handle on International Domain Names and Punycode International Domain names can be used for phishing and other attacks. One way to identify suspect names is to look for mixed script use. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Getting%20a%20Better%20Handle%20on%20International%20Domain%20Names%20and%20Punycode/32234 Citrix Netscaler Vulnerabilities CVE-2025-7775, CVE-2025-7776 and CVE-2025-8424 Citrix patched three vulnerabilities in Netscaler. One is already being exploited https://support.citrix.com/support-home/kbsearch/article?articleNumber=CTX694938&articleTitle=NetScaler_ADC_and_NetScaler_Gateway_Security_Bulletin_for_CVE_2025_7775_CVE_2025_7776_and_CVE_2025_8424 git vulnerability exploited (CVE-2025-48384) A git vulnerability patched in early July is now being exploited https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GHSA-vwqx-4fm8-6qc9
SANS Stormcast Tuesday, August 26th, 2025: Decoding Word Reading Location; Image Downscaling AI Vulnerability; IBM Jazz Team Server Vuln
Reading Location Position Value in Microsoft Word Documents Jessy investigated how Word documents store the last visited document location in the registry. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Reading%20Location%20Position%20Value%20in%20Microsoft%20Word%20Documents/32224 Weaponizing image scaling against production AI systems AI systems often downscale images before processing them. An attacker can create a harmless looking image that would reveal text after downscaling leading to prompt injection https://blog.trailofbits.com/2025/08/21/weaponizing-image-scaling-against-production-ai-systems/ IBM Jazz Team Server Vulnerability CVE-2025-36157 IBM patched a critical vulnerability in its Jazz Team Server https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7242925
SANS Stormcast Monday, August 25th, 2025: IP Cleanup; Linux Desktop Attacks; Malicious Go SSH Brute Forcer; Onmicrosoft Domain Restrictions
The end of an era: Properly formatted IP addresses in all of our data. When initiall designing DShield, addresses were zero padded , an unfortunate choice. As of this week, datafeeds should no longer be zero padded . https://isc.sans.edu/diary/The%20end%20of%20an%20era%3A%20Properly%20formated%20IP%20addresses%20in%20all%20of%20our%20data./32228 .desktop files used in an attack against Linux Desktops Pakistani attackers are using .desktop files to target Indian Linux desktops. https://www.cyfirma.com/research/apt36-targets-indian-boss-linux-systems-with-weaponized-autostart-files/ Malicious Go Module Disguised as SSH Brute Forcer Exfiltrates Credentials via Telegram A go module advertising its ability to quickly brute force passwords against random IP addresses, has been used to exfiltrate credentials from the person running the module. https://socket.dev/blog/malicious-go-module-disguised-as-ssh-brute-forcer-exfiltrates-credentials Limiting Onmicrosoft Domain Usage for Sending Emails Microsoft is limiting how many emails can be sent by Microsoft 365 users using the onmicrosoft.com domain. https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/blog/exchange/limiting-onmicrosoft-domain-usage-for-sending-emails/4446167
SANS Stormcast Friday, August 22nd, 2025: The -n switch; Commvault Exploit; Docker Desktop Escape Vuln;
Don't Forget The "-n" Command Line Switch Disabling reverse DNS lookups for IP addresses is important not just for performance, but also for opsec. Xavier is explaining some of the risks. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Don%27t%20Forget%20The%20%22-n%22%20Command%20Line%20Switch/32220 watchTowr releases details about recent Commvault flaws Users of the Commvault enterprise backup solution must patch now after watchTowr released details about recent vulnerabilities https://labs.watchtowr.com/guess-who-would-be-stupid-enough-to-rob-the-same-vault-twice-pre-auth-rce-chains-in-commvault/?123 Docker Desktop Vulnerability CVE-2025-9074 A vulnerability in Docker Desktop allows attackers to escape from containers to attack the host. https://docs.docker.com/desktop/release-notes/#4443
SANS Stormcast Thursday, August 21st, 2025: Airtel Scans; Apple Patch; Microsoft Copilot Audit Log Issue; Password Manager Clickjacking
Airtel Router Scans and Mislabeled Usernames A quick summary of some odd usernames that show up in our honeypot logs https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Airtel%20Router%20Scans%2C%20and%20Mislabeled%20usernames/32216 Apple Patches 0-Day CVE-2025-43300 Apple released an update for iOS, iPadOS and MacOS today patching a single, already exploited, vulnerability in ImageIO. https://support.apple.com/en-us/124925 Microsoft Copilot Audit Logs A user retrieving data via copilot obscures the fact that the user may have had access to data in a specific file https://pistachioapp.com/blog/copilot-broke-your-audit-log Password Managers Susceptible to Clickjacking Many password managers are susceptible to clickjacking, and only few have fixed the problem so far https://marektoth.com/blog/dom-based-extension-clickjacking/
SANS Stormcast Wednesday, August 20th, 2025: Increased Elasticsearch Scans; MSFT Patch Issues
Increased Elasticsearch Recognizance Scans Our honeypots noted an increase in reconnaissance scans for Elasticsearch. In particular, the endpoint /_cluster/settings is hit hard. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Increased%20Elasticsearch%20Recognizance%20Scans/32212 Microsoft Patch Tuesday Issues Microsoft noted some issues deploying the most recent patches with WSUS. There are also issues with certain SSDs if larger files are transferred. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/release-health/status-windows-11-24h2#3635msgdesc https://www.tomshardware.com/pc-components/ssds/latest-windows-11-security-patch-might-be-breaking-ssds-under-heavy-workloads-users-report-disappearing-drives-following-file-transfers-including-some-that-cannot-be-recovered-after-a-reboot SAP Vulnerabilities Exploited CVE-2025-31324, CVE-2025-42999 Details explaining how to take advantage of two SAP vulnerabilities were made public https://onapsis.com/blog/new-exploit-for-cve-2025-31324/
SANS Stormcast Tuesday, August 19th, 2025: MFA Bombing; Cisco Firewall Management Vuln; F5 Access for Android Vuln;
Keeping an Eye on MFA Bombing Attacks Attackers will attempt to use authentication fatigue by bombing users with MFA authentication requests. Rob is talking in this diary about how to investigate these attacks in a Microsoft ecosystem. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Keeping+an+Eye+on+MFABombing+Attacks/32208 Critical Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center Software RADIUS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability An OS command injection vulnerability may be abused to gain access to the Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center software. https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-fmc-radius-rce-TNBKf79 F5 Access for Android vulnerability An attacker with a network position that allows them to intercept network traffic may be able to read and/or modify data in transit. The attacker would need to intercept vulnerable clients specifically, since other clients would detect the man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack. https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000152049
SANS Stormcast Monday, August 18th, 2025: 5G Attack Framework; Plex Vulnerability; Fortiweb Exploit; Flowise Vuln
SNI5GECT: Sniffing and Injecting 5G Traffic Without Rogue Base Stations Researchers from the Singapore University of Technology and Design released a new framework, SNI5GECT, to passively sniff and inject traffic into 5G data streams, leading to DoS, downgrade and other attacks. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/SNI5GECT%3A%20Sniffing%20and%20Injecting%205G%20Traffic%20Without%20Rogue%20Base%20Stations/32202 Plex Vulnerability Plex patched a vulnerability in the Plex Media Server. Make sure you have updated to at least 1.42.1. https://forums.plex.tv/t/plex-media-server-security-update/928341 FortiWeb Exploit Public A security researcher published details about the recent FortiWeb vulnerability, including demonstrating a PoC exploit. https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/researcher-to-release-exploit-for-full-auth-bypass-on-fortiweb/ Flowise OS vulnerability https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/flowise-os-command-remote-code-execution-jfsa-2025-001380578/
SANS Stormcast Friday, August 15th, 2025: Analysing Attack with AI; Proxyware via YouTube; Xerox FreeFlow Vuln; Evaluating Zero Trust @SANS_edu
AI and Faster Attack Analysis A few use cases for LLMs to speed up analysis https://isc.sans.edu/diary/AI%20and%20Faster%20Attack%20Analysis%20%5BGuest%20Diary%5D/32198 Proxyware Malware Being Distributed on YouTube Video Download Site Popular YouTube download sites will attempt to infect users with proxyware. https://asec.ahnlab.com/en/89574/ Xerox Freeflow Core Vulnerability Horizon3.ai discovered XXE Injection (CVE-2025-8355) and Path Traversal (CVE-2025-8356) vulnerabilities in Xerox FreeFlow Core, a print orchestration platform. These vulnerabilities are easily exploitable and enable unauthenticated remote attackers to achieve remote code execution on vulnerable FreeFlow Core instances. https://horizon3.ai/attack-research/attack-blogs/from-support-ticket-to-zero-day/ SANS.edu Research: Darren Carstensen Evaluating Zero Trust Network Access: A Framework for Comparative Security Testing Not all Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) solutions are created equal, and despite bold marketing claims, many fall short of delivering proper Zero Trust security. https://www.sans.edu/cyber-research/evaluating-zero-trust-network-access-framework-comparative-security-testing/