Python Bytes is a weekly podcast hosted by Michael Kennedy and Brian Okken. The show is a short discussion on the headlines and noteworthy news in the Python, developer, and data science space.
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#420 90% Done in 50% of the Available Time
Topics covered in this episode: PEP 772 – Packaging governance process Official Django MongoDB Backend Now Available in Public Preview Developer Philosophy Python 3.13.2 released Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: PEP 772 – Packaging governance process draft, created 21-Jan, by Barry Warsaw, Deb Nicholson, Pradyun Gedam “As Python packaging has matured, several interrelated problems with the current way of managing the technical development, decision making and processes have become apparent.” “This PEP proposes a Python Packaging Council with broad authority over packaging standards, tools, and implementations. Like the Python Steering Council, the Packaging Council seeks to exercise this authority as rarely as possible; instead, they use this power to establish standard processes.” PEP discusses PyPA, Packaging-WG, Interoperability Standards, Python Steering Council, and Expectations of an elected Packaging Council A specification with Composition: 5 people Mandate, Responsibilities, Delegations, Process, Terms, etc. Michael #2: Official Django MongoDB Backend Now Available in Public Preview Over the last few years, Django developers have increasingly used MongoDB, presenting an opportunity for an official MongoDB-built Python package to make integrating both technologies as painless as possible. Features The ability to use Django models with confidence. Developers can use Django models to represent MongoDB documents, with support for Django forms, validations, and authentication. Django admin support. The package allows users to fire up the Django admin page as they normally would, with full support for migrations and database schema history. Native connecting from settings.py. Just as with any other database provider, developers can customize the database engine in settings.py to get MongoDB up and running. MongoDB-specific querying optimizations. Field lookups have been replaced with aggregation calls (aggregation stages and aggregate operators), JOIN operations are represented through $lookup, and it’s possible to build indexes right from Python. Limited advanced functionality. While still in development, the package already has support for time series, projections, and XOR operations. Aggregation pipeline support. Raw querying allows aggregation pipeline operators. Since aggregation is a superset of what traditional MongoDB Query API methods provide, it gives developers more functionality. Brian #3: Developer Philosophy by qntm Intended as “advice for junior developers about personal dev philosophy”, I think these are just great tips to keep in mind. The items Avoid, at all costs, arriving at a scenario where the ground-up rewrite starts to look attractive This is less about “don’t do rewrites”, but about noticing the warning signs ahead of time. Aim to be 90% done in 50% of the available time Great quote: “The first 90% of the job takes 90% of the time. The last 10% of the job takes the other 90% of the time.” Automate good practices Think about pathological data “Nobody cares about the golden path. Edge cases are our entire job.” Brian’s note: But also think about the happy path. Documenting and testing what you think of as the happy path is a testing start and helps others understand your idea of how things are supposed to work. There’s usually a simpler way to write it Write code to be testable It is insufficient for code to be provably correct; it should be obviously, visibly, trivially correct Brian’s note: Even if it’s obviously, visibly, trivially correct, it will still break. So test it anyway. Michael #4: Python 3.13.2 released Python 3.13’s second maintenance release. About 250 changes went into this update Also Python 3.12.9, Python 3.12’s ninth maintenance release already. Just 180 changes for 3.12, but it’s still worth upgrading. For us, it’s simply rebuilding our Docker base (i.e. —no-cache) with these lines: RUN curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache uv venv --python 3.13 /venv Extras Brian: Still thinking about pytest plugins a lot. The top pytest plugin list Has been updated for Feb Is starting to include things without “pytest” in the name, like Hypothesis and Syrupy. Eventually I’ll have to add “looking at trove classifiers” as part of the search, but for now, let me know if you’re favorite is missing. Includes T&C podcast episode links if I’ve covered it on the show. There’s 2 so far Michael: There's a new release of PyScript out. All the details are here: Highlight is new PyGame-CE support. Go play! PEP 2026 – Calendar versioning for Python rejected. :( PEP 759 – External Wheel Hosting withdrawn Joke: Pride Versioning
#419 Is your back end popular?
Topics covered in this episode: content-types package for better MIME types/Content-Type Wagtail 6.4 Build It Yourself Build backend popularity over time Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: content-types package for better MIME types/Content-Type It started with this comment from Raf. mimetypes — Map filenames to MIME types It is oddly missing very common types and varies by platform, OS install and other factors (see this function). Search around and found python-magic. Seems great but ImportError: failed to find libmagic. Check your installation → brew install libmagic magic.from_file("testdata/test.pdf") → FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'testdata/test.pdf' hmm So I had to create my own. Introducing content-types A Python library to map file extensions to MIME types. Unlike other libraries, this one does not try to access the file or parse the bytes of the file or stream. It just looks at the extension. Better support than mimetypes builtin. Brian #2: Wagtail 6.4 Release notes Lots of great updates, but I want to zoom in on background tasks. 6.4 includes django-tasks which is an available implementation of DEP 0014: Background workers This proposal is accepted and this thread includes a great talk from DjangoCon Europe 2024 Why is this cool? Even though django-tasks says it’s “under active development”, as long as you pin the version and test your behavior depending on this, it must be ready to use if wagtail is going for it. Don't you think? Michael #3: Build It Yourself from Armin Ronacher, sent in by Rafael Weingartner An excellent article pushing back on too many dependencies Maybe the advice of always prefer code reuse isn’t that great after all? It’s much much easier to solve small little problems these days due to AI. Take Postmark as an example. “It's time to have a new perspective: we should give kudos to engineers who write a small function themselves instead of hooking in a transitive web of crates. We should be suspicious of big crate graphs. Celebrated are the minimal dependencies, the humble function that just quietly does the job, the code that doesn't need to be touched for years because it was done right once.” - Armin Brian #4: Build backend popularity over time Bastian Venthur This is just for projects using pyproject.toml Apparently he did this last year as well, so we can see some trends. Results setuptools: ~50% (last year ~50%) poetry: ~30% (last year ~33%) hatchling: (percent not listed, but looks like 12-15%), (last year 10%) flit: ~5% (last year ~10%) other: (above flit now) Analysis: setuptools continues to grow in absolute numbers and maintain it’s percentage. poetry declining hatchling growing flit declining Brian commentary This is not surprising to me. I generally use hatchling for more control, and setuptools for simple projects. I think we might end up with mostly setuptools and hatchling in a couple years. Extras Brian: Test & Code Archive is now all episodes on one page Old method was 30 episodes per page For something completely different NameGrapher - popularity of US names No wonder I don’t meet a lot of kids named Brian Michael is #16 (#1 in 1950s - 1990s) Brian is #317 (#8 in 1970s) Joke: The long path to rejection.
#418 I'm a tea pot
Topics covered in this episode: In memoriam: Michael Foord 1974-2025 Valkey (Redis Replacement) 30 best practices for software development and testing mimetype.io Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: In memoriam: Michael Foord 1974-2025 Guido van Rossum and others We’ve just lost Michael Foord this last weekend. From Guido: “Michael, an original thinker if there ever was one, started the tradition of having Language Summit events at PyCon, IIRC together with Barry Warsaw. He also wrote and contributed the influential mock library. … “ “PS. Feel free to post your own (positive) memories of meeting Michael – perhaps his children (10 and 13) will read them when they’re older and this thread might help them remember their father.” I’ve added my memories. I think this is a great (and small) way to honor him. My friend Michael - Nicholas Tolervey After 5 years of trying, I did get an interview with Michael. I wish I’d have gotten that followup. Test & Code episode with Michael, ep 145, “For those about to mock” Michael #2: Valkey (Redis Replacement) Thanks Calvin HP An open source (BSD) high-performance key/value datastore that supports a variety of workloads such as caching, message queues. Can act as a primary database. Valkey can run as either a standalone daemon or in a cluster, with options for replication and high availability. Valkey natively supports a rich collection of datatypes, including strings, numbers, hashes, lists, sets, sorted sets, bitmaps, hyperloglogs and more. You can operate on data structures in-place with an expressive collection of commands. Brian #3: 30 best practices for software development and testing Michael Foord (from 2017) Some gems 1 - YAGNI 6 - Unit tests test to the unit of behavior, not the unit of implementation. 8 - Code is the enemy: It can go wrong, and it needs maintenance. Write less code. Delete code. Don’t write code you don’t need. 15 - The more you have to mock out to test your code, the worse your code is. and so many more … Michael #4: mimetype.io I’m always forgetting content types! Also, shout out to httpstatuses.io Extras Brian: Python 1.0.0 released 31 years ago Michael: Python 3.14.0 alpha 4 is out Joke: Tea Time
#417 Bugs hide from the light
Topics covered in this episode: LLM Catcher On PyPI Quarantine process RESPX Unpacking kwargs with custom objects Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: LLM Catcher via Pat Decker Large language model diagnostics for python applications and FastAPI applications . Features Exception diagnosis using LLMs (Ollama or OpenAI) Support for local LLMs through Ollama OpenAI integration for cloud-based models Multiple error handling approaches: Function decorators for automatic diagnosis Try/except blocks for manual control Global exception handler for unhandled errors from imported modules Both synchronous and asynchronous APIs Flexible configuration through environment variables or config file Brian #2: On PyPI Quarantine process Mike Fiedler Project Lifecycle Status - Quarantine in his "Safety & Security Engineer: First Year in Review post” Some more info now in Project Quarantine Reports of malware in a project kick things off Admins can now place a project in quarantine, allowing it to be unavailable for install, but still around for analysis. New process allows for packages to go back to normal if the report is false. However Since August, the Quarantine feature has been in use, with PyPI Admins marking ~140 reported projects as Quarantined. Of these, only a single project has exited Quarantine, others have been removed. Michael #3: RESPX Mock HTTPX with awesome request patterns and response side effects A simple, yet powerful, utility for mocking out the HTTPX, and HTTP Core, libraries. Start by patching HTTPX, using respx.mock, then add request routes to mock responses. For a neater pytest experience, RESPX includes a respx_mock fixture Brian #4: Unpacking kwargs with custom objects Rodrigo A class needs to have a keys() method that returns an iterable. a __getitem__() method for lookup Then double splat ** works on objects of that type. Extras Brian: A surprising thing about PyPI's BigQuery data - Hugovk Top PyPI Packages (and therefore also Top pytest Plugins) uses a BigQuery dataset Has grabbed 30-day data of 4,000, then 5,000, then 8,000 packages. Turns out 531,022 packages (amount returned when limit set to a million) is the same cost. So…. hoping future updates to these “Top …” pages will have way more data. Also, was planning on recording a Test & Code episode on pytest-cov today, but haven’t yet. Hopefully at least a couple of new episodes this week. Finally updated pythontest.com with BlueSky links on home page and contact page. Michael: Follow up from Owen (uv-secure): Thanks for the multiple shout outs! uv-secure just uses the PyPi json API at present to query package vulnerabilities (same as default source for pip audit). I do smash it asynchronously for all dependencies at once... but it still takes a few seconds. Joke: Bugs hide from the light!
#416 A Ghostly Episode
Topics covered in this episode: Terminals & Shells Winloop: An Alternative library for uvloop compatibility with windows Ruff & uv uv-secure Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: Terminals & Shells Ghostty is out Started by Mitchel Hashimoto, one of the co-founders of Hashicorp “Ghostty is a terminal emulator that differentiates itself by being fast, feature-rich, and native. While there are many excellent terminal emulators available, they all force you to choose between speed, features, or native UIs. Ghostty provides all three.” Currently for macOS & Linux (Windows planned) Version 1.0.1 released Dec 31, announced in Oct Features: cross-platform, windows, tabs, and splits, Themes, Ligatures, … Shell Integration: Some Ghostty features require integrating with your shell. Ghostty can automatically inject shell integration for bash, zsh, fish, and elvish. Fish is moving to Rust “fish is a smart and user-friendly command line shell with clever features that just work, without needing an advanced degree in bash scriptology.” “fish 4.0 is a big upgrade. It’s got lots of new features to make using the command line easier and more enjoyable, such as more natural key binding and expanded history search. And under the hood, we’ve rebuilt the foundation in Rust.” Michael #2: Winloop: An Alternative library for uvloop compatibility with windows via Owen Lamont An alternative library for uvloop compatibility with windows . It always felt disappointing when libuv is available for windows but windows was never compatible with uvloop. Brian #3: Ruff & uv Ruff 0.9.0 has a new 2025 style guide f-string formatting improvements Now formats expressions interpolated inside f-string curly braces Quotes normalized according to project config Unnecessary escapes removed Examines interpolated expressions to see if splitting the string over multiple lines is ok Other changes to, but it’s the f-string improvements I’m excited about. Python 3.14.0a3 is out, and available with uv uv python install 3.14 --preview Michael #4: uv-secure by Owen Lamont (yes again :) ) This tool will scan PyPi dependencies listed in your uv.lock files (or uv generated requirements.txt files) and check for known vulnerabilities listed against those packages and versions in the PyPi json API. I don't intend uv-secure to ever create virtual environments or do dependency resolution - the plan is to leave that all to uv since it does that so well and just target lock files and fully pinned and dependency resolved requirements.txt files). Works “out of the box” with a requirements.txt from uv pip compile. Extras Brian: Test & Code Season 2: pytest plugins Season 1 was something like 223 episodes over 9.5 years Started the summer of 2015 Send in pytest plugin suggestions to Brian on BlueSky or Mastodon or the contact form at pythontest.com Michael: Episode Deep Dive feature at Talk Python Feedback on social media: Those deep dives look really handy. <looks at another one> Yes, those ARE really handy! Thanks for doing that. wow, yes please! This is awesome. Wow, this is amazing. … It helps when going back to check something (without having to re-listen). https://pycon.pyug.at/en/ Heavy metal status codes Beautiful Soup feedback CFA via Sumana Harihareswara Joke: That's a stupid cup
#415 Just put the fries in the bag bro
Topics covered in this episode: dbos-transact-py Typed Python in 2024: Well adopted, yet usability challenges persist RightTyper Lazy self-installing Python scripts with uv Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: dbos-transact-py DBOS Transact is a Python library providing ultra-lightweight durable execution. Durable execution means your program is resilient to any failure. If it is ever interrupted or crashes, all your workflows will automatically resume from the last completed step. Under the hood, DBOS Transact works by storing your program's execution state (which workflows are currently executing and which steps they've completed) in a Postgres database. Incredibly fast, for example 25x faster than AWS Step Functions. Brian #2: Typed Python in 2024: Well adopted, yet usability challenges persist Aaron Pollack on Engineering at Meta blog “Overall findings 88% of respondents “Always” or “Often” use Types in their Python code. IDE tooling, documentation, and catching bugs are drivers for the high adoption of types in survey responses, The usability of types and ability to express complex patterns still are challenges that leave some code unchecked. Latency in tooling and lack of types in popular libraries are limiting the effectiveness of type checkers. Inconsistency in type check implementations and poor discoverability of the documentation create friction in onboarding types into a project and seeking help when using the tools. “ Notes Seems to be a different survey than the 2023 (current) dev survey. Diff time frame and results. July 29 - Oct 8, 2024 Michael #3: RightTyper A fast and efficient type assistant for Python, including tensor shape inference Brian #4: Lazy self-installing Python scripts with uv Trey Hunner Creating your own ~/bin full of single-file command line scripts is common for *nix folks, still powerful but underutilized on Mac, and trickier but still useful on Windows. Python has been difficult in the past to use for standalone scripts if you need dependencies, but that’s no longer the case with uv. Trey walks through user scripts (*nix and Mac) Using #! for scripts that don’thave dependencies Using #! with uv run --script and /// script for dependencies Discussion about how uv handles that. Extras Brian: Courses at pythontest.com If you live in a place (or are in a place in your life) where these prices are too much, let me know. I had a recent request and I really appreciate it. Michael: Python 3.14 update released Top episodes of 2024 at Talk Python Universal check for updates macOS: Settings > Keyboard > Keyboard shortcuts > App shortcuts > + Then add shortcut for single app, ^U and the menu title. Joke: Python with rizz
#414 Because we are not monsters
Topics covered in this episode: New project to shorten django-admin to django because we are not monsters django-unicorn: The magical reactive component framework for Django Testing some tidbits The State of Python 2024 article Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: New project to shorten django-admin to django because we are not monsters Jeff Tripplet has created django-cli-no-admin to shorten django-admin to just django. “One of the biggest mysteries in Django is why I have to run django-admin from my terminal instead of just running django. Confusingly, django-admin has nothing to do with Django’s admin app.” Instead of typing things like: django-admin startproject mysite projectname We can type the shorter: django startproject mysite projectname I love this kind of developer speedup / comfort improvements And yes, Jeff wants Django to eventually include this as the default way to run the command line utilities. Michael #2: django-unicorn: The magical reactive component framework for Django Add modern site functionality: Quickly add in simple interactions to regular Django templates without learning a new templating language. Skip the JavaScript build tools No API required: Skip creating a bunch of serializers and just use Django. Brian #3: Testing some tidbits Ned Batchelder Different ways to test to see if a string has only 0 or 1 in it. And also, a way to check all the different ways to make sure they work. Fun post, and I learned about cleandoc - a way to strip leading blank space and maintain code block indentation I usually use textwrap.dedent() partition - splitting strings based on a substring Using | to pass imports to eval() - I don't use eval much. However, no pytest! Here’s a way to check all this with pytest: Testing some tidbits with pytest Michael #4: The State of Python 2024 article Python usage with other languages drops as general adoption grows 41% of Python developers have under 2 years of experience Python learning expands through diverse channels The Python 2 vs. 3 divide is in the distant past Flask, Django, and FastAPI remain top Python web frameworks Most Python web apps run on hyperscale clouds Containers over VMs over hardware uv takes Python packaging by storm Extras Brian: More Django: Dracula Theme for Django Admin Michael: Zen Browser update Office refresh Transcripts (in some players) Joke: Volkswagen, passing all the tests
#413 python-build-standalone finds a home
Topics covered in this episode: jiter A new home for python-build-standalone moka-py uv: An In-Depth Guide Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: jiter Fast iterable JSON parser. About to be the backend for Pydantic and Logfire. Currently powers OpenAI / ChatGPT (along with Pydantic itself), at least their Python library, maybe more. jiter has three interfaces: JsonValue an enum representing JSON data Jiter an iterator over JSON data PythonParse which parses a JSON string into a Python object jiter-python - This is a standalone version of the JSON parser used in pydantic-core. The recommendation is to only use this package directly if you do not use pydantic Brian #2: A new home for python-build-standalone Charlie Marsh See also Transferring Python Build Standalone Stewardship to Astral from Gregory Szorc python-build-standalone is the project that has prebuilt binaries for different architectures. used by uv python install 3.12 and uv venv .venv --python 3.12 and uv sync This is good stability news for everyone. Interesting discussion of prebuilt Python from Charlie Michael #3: moka-py A high performance caching library for Python written in Rust moka-py is a Python binding for the highly efficient Moka caching library written in Rust. This library allows you to leverage the power of Moka's high-performance, feature-rich cache in your Python projects. Features Synchronous Cache: Supports thread-safe, in-memory caching for Python applications. TTL Support: Automatically evicts entries after a configurable time-to-live (TTL). TTI Support: Automatically evicts entries after a configurable time-to-idle (TTI). Size-based Eviction: Automatically removes items when the cache exceeds its size limit using the TinyLFU policy. Concurrency: Optimized for high-performance, concurrent access in multi-threaded environments. Brian #4: uv: An In-Depth Guide On SaaS Pegasus blog, so presumably by Cory Zue Good intro to uv Also a nice list of everyday commands Install python: uv python install 3.12 I don’t really use this anymore, as uv venv .venv --python 3.12 or uv sync install if necessary create a virtual env: uv venv .venv --python 3.12 install stuff: uv pip install django add project dependencies build pinned dependencies Also discussion about adopting the new workflow Extras Brian: PydanticAI - not sure why I didn’t see that coming In the “good to know” and “commentary on society” area: Anti-Toxicity Features on Bluesky The WIRED Guide to Protecting Yourself From Government Surveillance Michael: Go sponsor a bunch of projects on GitHub Registration is open for PyCon Joke: Inf
#412 Closing the loop
Topics covered in this episode: Loop targets asyncstdlib Bagels: TUI Expense Tracker rloop: An AsyncIO event loop implemented in Rust Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: Loop targets Ned Batchelder I don’t think I would have covered this had it not been the surprising opposition to Ned’s code. Here’s the snippet: params = { "query": QUERY, "page_size": 100, } *# Get page=0, page=1, page=2, ...* **for** params["page"] in itertools.count(): data = requests.get(SEARCH_URL, params).json() **if** not data["results"]: **break** ... Ned is utilizing the assignment in the for loop to use the value of count() and store it into the params["page"]. The article includes another version with a temp variable page_num, which I think the naysayers would prefer. But frankly, I think both are fine. Why not put the value right where you want it? Michael #2: asyncstdlib The asyncstdlib library re-implements functions and classes of the Python standard library to make them compatible with async callables, iterables and context managers. It is fully agnostic to async event loops and seamlessly works with asyncio, third-party libraries such as trio, as well as any custom async event loop. Full set of async versions of advantageous standard library helpers, such as zip, map, enumerate, functools.reduce, itertools.tee, itertools.groupby and many others. Safe handling of async iterators to ensure prompt cleanup, as well as various helpers to simplify safely using custom async iterators. Small but powerful toolset to seamlessly integrate existing sync code into async programs and libraries. Brian #3: Bagels: TUI Expense Tracker Jax Tam “Bagels expense tracker is a TUI application where you can track and analyse your money flow, with convenience oriented features and a complete interface. Why an expense tracker in the terminal? I found it easier to build a habit and keep an accurate track of my expenses if I do it at the end of the day, instead of on the go. So why not in the terminal where it's fast, and I can keep all my data locally?” Who hasn’t wanted to write their own expense tracker? This implementation is fun for lots of reasons It’s still new and pretty small, so forking it for your own uses should be easy Built on textual is fun install instructions based on uv tool seems to be the new normal: uv tool install --python 3.13 bagels test suite started pretty useful as is, actually Nice that it includes a roadmap of future goals Would be a fun project to help out with for anyone looking for anyone looking for a shiny new codebase to contribute to. Michael #4: rloop: An AsyncIO event loop implemented in Rust An AsyncIO event loop implemented in Rust From Giovanni Barillari, Creator of Granian RLoop is an AsyncIO event loop implemented in Rust on top of the mio crate. Disclaimer: This is a work in progress and definitely not ready for production usage. Run asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(rloop.EventLoopPolicy()) and done. Similar to uvloop. Extras Brian: I’m currently listening to Four Thousand Weeks - Time Management for Mortals by Oliver Burkeman for the second time. Highly recommend. Development Advent Calendars for 2024 - Adrian Roselli Michael: Docker cluster monitor Compare engagement across Mastodon / Bsky / Twitter https://bsky.app/profile/pythonbytes.fm/post/3lbseqgr5m22z https://fosstodon.org/@pythonbytes/113545509565796190 https://x.com/pythonbytes/status/1861166179236319288 Back on #277 we talked about StrEnum. Got a nice chance to use it this weekend. Maybe Finance Go sponsor a bunch of projects on GitHub Black Friday at Talk Python Joke: CTRL + X onion
#411 TLS Client: Hello <<guitar solo>>
Topics covered in this episode: Talk Python rewritten in Quart PyPI now supports digital attestations Django Rusty Templates PEP 639 is now supported by PYPI Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.bsky.social Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: Talk Python rewritten in Quart Rewrote all of talkpython.fm in Quart (10k lines of code total, 4k changed) Considered FastAPI Litestar Django Hugo Static Site + Python Flask Discussed the multistage upgrade / conversion process Automating tests for all 1,000 pages Brian #2: PyPI now supports digital attestations Dustin Ingram “Attestations provide a verifiable link to an upstream source repository: By signing with the identity of the upstream source repository, such as in the case of an upload of a project built with GitHub Actions, PyPI's support for digital attestations defines a strong and verifiable association between a file on PyPI and the source repository, workflow, and even the commit hash that produced and uploaded the file. Additionally, publishing attestations to a transparency log helps mitigate against both compromise of PyPI and compromise of the projects themselves.” For maintainers If using GH Actions and Trusted Publishing make sure you use pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish, version v1.11.0 or newer that’s it If not “Support for automatic attestation generation and publication from other Trusted Publisher environments is planned.” “While not recommended, maintainers can also manually generate and publish attestations.” See also PyPI Introduces Digital Attestations to Strengthen Python Package Security by Sarah Gooding Are we PEP 740 yet? Michael #3: Django Rusty Templates by Lily Foote An experimental reimplementation of Django's templating language in Rust. Goals 100% compatibility of rendered output. Error reporting that is at least as useful as Django's errors. Improved performance over Django's pure Python implementation. Brian #4: PEP 639 is now supported by PYPI from Brett Cannon PEP 639 – Improving License Clarity with Better Package Metadata For project metadata, use these fields: license and license-files: Examples license field [project] license = "MIT" [project] license = "MIT AND (Apache-2.0 OR BSD-2-clause)" [project] license = "MIT OR GPL-2.0-or-later OR (FSFUL AND BSD-2-Clause)" [project] license = "LicenseRef-Proprietary" Examples of license-files: [project] license-files = ["LICEN[CS]E*", "AUTHORS*"] [project] license-files = ["licenses/LICENSE.MIT", "licenses/LICENSE.CC0"] [project] license-files = ["LICENSE.txt", "licenses/*"] [project] license-files = [] Extras Brian: Playground Wisdom: Threads Beat Async/Await - interesting read from Armin Ronacher about different language abstractions around concurrency. PythonTest.com Discord community is now live Launched last week, as of this morning we’ve got 89 members Anyone already a pythontest community member has received an invite Anyone can join through courses.pythontest.com Everything at pythontest.com is 20% off through Dec with code turkeysale2024 “Python Testing with pytest” eBook 40% off through Dec 2, use code turkeysale2024 Michael: Python 3.14.0a2 released Starter packs: Michael’s Python people: https://bsky.app/starter-pack/mkennedy.codes/3lbdnupl26e2x Directory: https://blueskydirectory.com/starter-packs/all Joke: curl - heavy metal style!
#410 Entering the Django core
Topics covered in this episode: Thoughts on Django’s Core futurepool Don't return named tuples in new APIs Ziglang: Migrating from AWS to Self-Hosting Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org / @mkennedy.codes Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org / @pythonbytes.bsky.social Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: Thoughts on Django’s Core Carlton Gibson Great discussion on Django and Core vs Plugins Sustainability with limited people Keeping core small The release cycle eembrace plugins vs endorsing plugins. Michael #2: futurepool via Pat Decker Takes the concept of multiprocessing Pool to the async/await world. Create a pool then delegate the work: async with FuturePool(2) as fp: result = await fp.map(async_pool_fn, range(10)) I would LOVE to see something like this in a broader background asyncio worker pool concept. But that concept doesn’t exist in asyncio in Python and that’s a failing of the framework IMO. Brian #3: Don't return named tuples in new APIs Brett Cannon First off, I’m grateful for any post that talks about APIs and the API is a module, class, or package API and not a Web/REST API. The term API existed long before the internet. “e.g., get_mouse_position() very likely has a two-item tuple of X and Y coordinates of the screen” “it actually makes your API more complex for both you and your users to use. For you, it doubles the data access API surface for your return type as you have to now support index-based and attribute-based data access forever (or until you choose to break your users and change your return type so it doesn't support both approaches)” “… you probably don't want people doing with your return type, like slicing, iterating over all the items …” Alternatives class dataclass dictionary TypedDict SimpleNamespace “My key point in all of this is to prefer readability and ergonomics over brevity in your code. That means avoiding named tuples except where you are expanding to tweaking an existing API where the named tuple improves over the plain tuple that's already being used.” Michael #4: Ziglang: Migrating from AWS to Self-Hosting The Rust Foundation for example, reports that they spent $404,400 on infrastructure costs in 2023. Zig lang has decided to use a single big cloud machine + mirrors Extras Brian: Changing the Python Test community Was started to answer questions for Test & Code listeners years ago. Primarily pytest questions Used to be Slack. Then moved to Podia forum. Now I’m trying to work out a Discord solution that is both sustainable and usable. Michael: PWang Bsky essay Building A Business From Python Expertise - Michael Kennedy on Work Item Podcast Subscribe to package releases, just put .atom on the end of their releases URL, for example: github.com/mikeckennedy/jinja_partials/releases ← add .atom for RSS pytest-bdd 8.0.0 was just released via Jamie Thomson The big feature (in Jamie’s opinion) is the addition of data tables https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-bdd/blob/master/CHANGES.rst#800---2024-11-14 Joke: Breaking: JavaScript Developer Commits to Framework for Record-Breaking 3 Weeks
#409 We've moved to Hetzner write-up
Topics covered in this episode: terminal-tree posting: The API client that lives in your terminal Extra, extra, extra UV does everything or enough that I'm not sure what else it needs to do Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by: ScoutAPM - Django Application Performance Monitoring Codeium - Free AI Code Completion & Chat Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: terminal-tree An experimental filesystem navigator for the terminal, built with Textual Tested in macOS only at this point. Chances are very high it works on Linux. Slightly lower chance (but non-zero) that it works on Windows. Can confirm it works on Linux Brian #2: posting: The API client that lives in your terminal Also uses Textual From Darren Burns Interesting that the installation instructions recommends using uv: uv tool install --python 3.12 posting Very cool. Great docs. Beautiful. keyboard centric, but also usable with a mouse. “Fly through your API workflow with an approachable yet powerful keyboard-centric interface. Run it locally or over SSH on remote machines and containers. Save your requests in a readable and version-control friendly format.” Able to save multiple environments Great colors Allows scripting to run Python code before and after requests to prepare headers, set variables, etc. Michael #3: Extra, extra, extra spaCy course swag give-away, enter for free New essay: Opposite of Cloud Native is? News: We've moved to Hetzner New package: Introducing chameleon-flask package New release: Listmonk Python client TIOBE Update PEP 750 – Template Strings Canary email Left Omnivore, for Pocket, left Pocket for, …, landed on Instapaper Supports direct import from Omnivore and Pocket Though Hoarder is compelling Trying out Zen Browser Wasn’t a fan of Arc (especially now) but the news turned me on to Zen Brian #4: UV does everything or enough that I'm not sure what else it needs to do Jeff Triplett “UV feels like one of those old infomercials where it solves everything, which is where we have landed in the Python world.” “My favorite feature is that UV can now bootstrap a project to run on a machine that does not previously have Python installed, along with installing any packages your application might require.” Partial list (see Jeff’s post for his complete list) uv pip install replaces pip install uv venv replaces python -m venv uv run, uv tool run, and uv tool install replaces pipx uv build - Build your Python package for pypi uv publish - Upload your Python package to pypi, replacing twine and flit publish Extras Brian: Coverage.py originally was just one file Trying out BlueSky brianokken.bsky.social Not because of Taylor Swift, but nice. There are a lot of Python people there. Joke: How programmers sleep
#408 python-preference only-managed 3.13t
Topics covered in this episode: GitHub action security: zizmor Python is now the top language on GitHub Python 3.13, what didn't make the headlines PyCon US 2025 Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by: ScoutAPM - Django Application Performance Monitoring Codeium - Free AI Code Completion & Chat Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: GitHub action security: zizmor Article: Ned Batchelder zizmor: William Woodruff & others “a new tool to check your GitHub action workflows for security concerns.” Install with cargo or brew, then point it at workflow yml files. It reports security concerns. Michael #2: Python is now the top language on GitHub Thanks to Pat Decker for the heads up. A rapidly growing number of developers worldwide This suggests AI isn’t just helping more people learn to write code or build software faster—it’s also attracting and helping more people become developers. First-time open source contributors continue to show wide-scale interest in AI projects. But we aren’t seeing signs that AI has hurt open source with low-quality contributions. Python is now the most used language on GitHub as global open source activity continues to extend beyond traditional software development. The rise in Python usage correlates with large communities of people joining the open source community from across the STEM world rather than the traditional community of software developers. There’s a continued increase in first-time contributors to open source projects. 1.4 million new developers globally joined open source with a majority contributing to commercially backed and generative AI projects. Notably, we did not see a rise in rejected pull requests. This could indicate that quality remains high despite the influx of new contributors. Brian #3: Python 3.13, what didn't make the headlines Some pretty cool updates to pdb : the command line Python debugger multiline editing code completion pathlib has a bunch of performance updates python -m venv adds a .gitignore file that auto ignores the venv. Michael #4: PyCon US 2025 Site is live with CFP and dates Health code is finally reasonable: “Masks are Encouraged but not Required” PyCon US 2025 Dates Tutorials - May 14-15, 2025 Sponsor Presentations - May 15, 2025 Opening Reception - May 15, 2025 Main Conference and Online - May 16-18, 2025 Job Fair - May 18, 2025 Sprints - May 19-May 22, 2025 Extras Brian: Please publish and share more - Jeff Triplett Michael: pre-commit-uv Just spoke with Sefanie Molin about pre-commit hooks on Talk Python Curse you Omnivore! We have moved to hetzner Typora markdown app free-threaded Python is now available via uv uv self update uv python install --python-preference only-managed 3.13t Joke: Debugging char
#407 Back to the future, destination 3.14
Topics covered in this episode: Python 3.14.0 alpha 1 is now available uv supports dependency groups dive: A tool for exploring each layer in a docker image pytest-metadata Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course & Hello, pytest! Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: Python 3.14.0 alpha 1 is now available First of seven planned alpha releases. Many new features for Python 3.14 are still being planned and written. Among the new major new features and changes so far: PEP 649: deferred evaluation of annotations Improved error messages Brian #2: uv supports dependency groups we covered dependency groups in episode 406 as of 0.4.27, uv supports dependency groups docs show how to add dependencies with uv add --group also “The --dev, --only-dev, and --no-dev flags are equivalent to --group dev, --only-group dev, and --no-group dev respectively.” To install a group, uv pip install --group doesn’t work yet. It’s waiting for PyPA to decide on an interface for pip, and uv pip will use that interface. But sync works. $ uv init # create a pyproject.toml $ uv add --group foo pytest $ uv venv # create venv $ uv sync --group foo # will install all dependencies, including group "foo" Michael #3: dive: A tool for exploring each layer in a docker image via Mike Fiedler Features: Show Docker image contents broken down by layer Indicate what's changed in each layer Estimate "image efficiency" Quick build/analysis cycles CI Integration Brian #4: pytest-metadata An incredibly useful plugin for adding, you guessed it, metadata, to your pytest results. Required for pytest-html but also useful on it’s own Adds metadata to text output with --verbose xml output when using --junit-xml, handy for CI systems that support junit.xml Other plugins depend on this and report in other ways, such as pytest-html By default, already grabs Python version Platform info List of installed packages List of installed pytest plugins You can add your own metadata You can access all metadata (and add to it) from tests, fixtures, and hook functions via a metadata fixture. This is in the Top pytest Plugins list, currently #5. Extras Brian: I’ve started filtering deprecated plugins from the pytest plugin list. I’m also going to start reviewing the list and pulling out interesting plugins as the topic of the next season of Test & Code. Michael: Pillow 11 is out pip install deutschland Talk Python has a dedicated blog, please subscribe! Joke: Dog names
#406 What's on Django TV tonight?
Topics covered in this episode: Open Source Pledge Jeff Triplet's DjangoTV PEP 735 – Dependency Groups in pyproject.toml livereload Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by ScoutAPM: pythonbytes.fm/scout Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: Open Source Pledge Learned about this because of this post Why Django supports the Open Source Pledge Steps Pay Open Source maintainers. Min to participate is 2k/year/dev at your company Self-report annually Publish a blog post outlining your payments Armin’s post about launching Open Source Pledge and mixing money with open source Michael #2: Jeff Triplet's DjangoTV A nice aggregation of lots of Django conference talks Filter by conference Good search as well Brian #3: PEP 735 – Dependency Groups in pyproject.toml Author: Stephen Rosen, Sponsor: Brett Cannon, PEP-Delegate: Paul Moore Accepted. Resolotion Oct 10, 2024 “This PEP specifies a mechanism for storing package requirements in pyproject.toml files such that they are not included in any built distribution of the project.” Allow us to define named groups of dependencies that can be independent of the main project. ex: [dependency-groups] test = ["pytest", "coverage"] docs = ["sphinx", "sphinx-rtd-theme"] typing = ["mypy", "types-requests"] typing-test = [{include-group = "typing"}, {include-group = "test"}, "useful-types"] “might” work like this: pip install --dependency-groups=test,typing but tool venders are able to define how they use groups. Of course. Similar solutions multiple requirements.txt files: requirements_test.txt, requirements_docs.txt, etc. no standard naming convention, not standardized package extras: not gauranteed to be statically defined (TIL) additional to main dependencies, so not independent Michael #4: livereload Example from talkpython.fm: asset_bundler_watcher.py The docs are sparse, so see the gist above Extras Brian: Personal Blogs are no longer personal when AI gets too involved - KJayMiller Mind Your Image Metadata - Stefanie Molin Michael: 14% of our listeners are in Germany, thanks Germany! Prost! Hetzner comes to the US Joke: A programmer’s partner asks them: “Would you go get a loaf of bread from the store? And if they have eggs, get a dozen.” A while later, the programmer returns with 12 loaves of bread and says “They had eggs.” From https://savvyprogrammer.io/software-jokes/